Describe the four types of personalities and some characteristics of each.
What will be an ideal response?
Study respondents were then classified into one of three groups: Type A
(competitive, aggressive), Type B (relaxed, easygoing), or Type C (nice, hardworking,
people who try to appease others). By the end of this long-term study, 70% of the men
who were classified has Type A had coronary heart disease. This study had several
limitations including that it was only conducted on men who were middle-aged, and the
researchers didn’t take into account other factors such as the dietary habits of the study
participants. However, this study generated media interest and led to additional
research. A review of this research indicated that there is an association between Type
A behavior (particularly hostility) and heart disease. Examples of hostility-related
questions are “Do you get irritated easily?” and “Are you bossy and domineering?” And
research has shown that the Type A behavior pattern (i.e., “stress energized”) is
exhibited in samples of women also. More recently, researchers have discussed an
additional personality type and its relationship to health risks: the Type D personality.
The Type D, also called the distressed personality, is a combination of negative affect
(“I feel unhappy”) and social inhibition (“I am unable to express myself”). Research
indicated that the rates of recovery were lower for coronary heart disease patients with
Type D personality. A review of 10 studies of Type D personality concluded that “Type
D patients are also at increased risk for psychological distress, psychosocial risk
factors, impaired quality of life, and seem to benefit less from medical and invasive
treatment.” Thus, while research on personality and health risk continues, there seems
to be a clear association between certain personality traits and higher risk of disease,
suppressed immune system functioning, and slower recovery from illnesses.
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A) net cost of goods sold. B) net income. C) gross profit. D) net sales.
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a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false