Mary is a graduate student studying to be a psychologist The schooling is quite rigorous, and the academic pressures are high. For some reason, the competition between classmates is intense. Mary's overall attitude, however, is that of a positive outlook. She believes that she will finish school soon and will do well in the process. She also expects that she will learn how to be a successful psychologist. Based on this scenario, Mary seems to demonstrate the quality of _____, which has been shown to somehow buffer the effects of stress and illness.
a) the Type D behavior pattern
b) cheerfulness
c) optimism
d) the Type A behavior pattern
Answer: c
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A researcher asked students to teach a rat to learn a maze. Some students were told they had been given a genetically engineered "intelligent" rat, whereas others were told that they had a "dull" rat. Although there were no actual differences among the rats, the "intelligent" rats learned the maze more quickly than the "dull" rats. Which idea discussed in your book can best explain the results of
this experiment? a. experimenter expectancy effects b. mundane realism c. experimental realism d. high construct validity
Within a single neuron, dendrites are ____ and axon bulbs are ____
a. ?active in communication; active in cell metabolism b. ?myelinated; unmyelinated c. ?at the beginning; at the end d. ?much smaller; much larger
DSM–IV-TR is most helpful because
a. it includes treatments for each disorder. b. it allows the practitioner to determine the cause of the disorder. c. it allows disorders to be classified on five separate dimensions. d. a disorder can be determined with questionnaire data
Your friend tells you that Freud's topographical model of the mind consists of the id and the ego. What would you tell your friend to correct this mistake?
a. The topographical model consists of the shadow, the anima, and the animus. b. The topographical model consists of the conscious, unconscious, and preconscious mind. c. The topographical model consists of the id, the ego, and also the superego. d. The topographical model consists of unconscious lows and conscious highs.