Which Piagetian principles continue to influence early childhood teacher training and classroom practices?
A) discovery learning, sensitivity to children’s readiness to learn, and acceptance of individual differences
B) egocentrism of thinking, inability to conserve, and lack of hierarchical classification
C) whole-group instruction, verbal presentation of ready-made knowledge, and learning styles
D) normative standards, whole-group instruction, and acceptance of individual differences
Answer: A
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A child is born with low birth weight, a small head, facial malformations, and other bodily defects and has an added risk of developing emotional, behavioral, and mental disabilities. The child most likely has
a. albinism. b. fetal alcohol syndrome. c. cystic fibrosis. d. congenital problems due to the mother's heavy marijuana use.
Tolman showed that rats can learn about their environment without reinforcement. What did his research illustrate the difference between?
a. learning and performance c. goals and learning b. learning and mapping d. association and reinforcement
Which of the following attributional statements is most likely to be made by a depressed person?
a. "I never do anything right.". b. "If at first you don't succeed, try again.". c. "If life gives you lemons, make lemonade.". d. "I won't make that mistake again.".
Why is it that some information about children can be ethically collected only by case studies?
a. It is not acceptable to question children about painful experiences. b. Only psychiatrists are licensed to conduct case studies. c. Case studies often document extreme conditions that would be cruel to set up. d. Case studies often involve punishment for children who are unwilling to participate.