The kidneys function to rid the body of
a. excess water.
b. excess solutes.
c. toxins and drugs.
d. metabolic wastes.
e. all of these
E
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Uric acid produced by insect Malphigian tubules does not influence the movement of water from the hindgut because:
A. it is eliminated by the tubules before water reaches the hindgut. B. it precipitates due to the low pH of the fluid in the rectum and therefore does not contribute to osmotic pressure. C. water moves only in response to the osmotic pressure created by proteins and sugars in the hindgut. D. uric acid is equally concentrated in the hindgut and in the body fluids. E. None of these choices are correct.
Which of the following would be used to determine the probability of three independent events in order?
A. Sum rule B. Product rule C. Chi-square test D. Binomial expansion E. Random sampling error
Every 24 hours, every genome in every cell of the human body is damaged 10,000 times or more
Given the possible DNA repair mechanisms, which order listed below would be most effective at repairing these as quickly as possible in order to prevent mutations from being carried forward in DNA replication? A. Proofreading by DNA polymerase, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair, SOS repair B. SOS repair, excision repair, glycosylase enzyme activities, proofreading by DNA polymerase C. SOS repair, proofreading by DNA polymerase, glycosylase enzyme activities, excision repair D. Glycosylase enzyme activities, SOS repair, proofreading by DNA polymerase, excision repair
On a phylogenetic tree, two clades that emerge from the same node are called ____ because they are each other’s
closest relatives.
a. sister clades b. ancestral clades
c. phyla d. families e. cousins