Describe two of the physiologic processes that contribute to primary hypertension.
What will be an ideal response?
Primary hypertension develops over a period of years in response to changes in the arteries, kidneys, and sodium/ potassium balance. As we age, our arteries tend to narrow and become more rigid through a process called arteriosclerosis. Additionally, endothelial cells that line the arteries often release vasoconstrictors, substances that cause the arteries to constrict, in response to arterial damage, poor blood flow, stress, and other factors. Although these events alone can result in increased blood pressure, their additive effects on kidney function increase arterial pressure. In response to this, the kidney releases more renin, causing the formation of additional angiotensin II enzyme (see Fig. 14-9). Angiotensin II is a powerful vasoconstrictor that triggers the kidney's retention of sodium and water. Diets high in sodium and low in potassium worsen these physiological changes. Over time, the result is elevation of blood pressure.
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A. latent heat. B. specific heat. C. melting point. D. heat of vaporization. E. heat of solidification.
The percent Daily Value on a food label are based on a 2200 kcal dietary pattern.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
Answer the following questions true (T) or false (F)
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Which patient is at greatest risk for osteoporosis?