A tumor-specific antigen is:
A. a general marker for all known human tumors.
B. a specific marker for leukemias.
C. unique to the tumor of an individual patient.
D. nonspecific to all patient populations.
Ans: C. unique to the tumor of an individual patient.
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An agent that causes genetic mutations is called __________
a. a carcinogen b. cancer c. a virus d. a malignant tumor
Endosperm tissue is:
a. 1/2 n b. n c. 2n d. 3n e. 4n
Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees. Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?
A. Genetic drift is important because domestication involves small populations. B. Many domesticated varieties would not survive in the natural world. C. There is no selection and mating is random under domestication. D. Domesticated species exhibit "hybrid vigor" (heterosis). E. During domestication, very high rates of mutation are induced.
When microbes are in the dark, they do not produce molecules called carotenoids because the PR proteins are bound to DNA. In the light, however, carotenoids are produced because the PR proteins unbind the DNA. Which of the following graphs best
summarizes these statements about carotenoid production in microbes? A)  B)  C)  D) 