A patient with severe diarrhea has a potassium imbalance. Which symptoms should the nurse expect the patient to demonstration because of this imbalance?
a. Shallow respirations, lethargy, nausea
b. Pitting edema, confusion, bounding pulse
c. Apathy, weakness, positive Chvostek's sign
d. Kussmaul's breathing, thirst, furrowed tongue
ANS: A
A. Skeletal muscle activity diminishes with hypokalemia, resulting in shallow, ineffective respirations. The motility of the gastrointestinal (GI) system is slowed, causing nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and constipation. B. Edema and bounding pulse occur in fluid excess. C. A Positive Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia. D. Kussmaul breathing is a sign of acidosis.
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