The nurse cares for a client with chronic alcohol abuse. Which laboratory finding does the nurse recognize as evidence of liver damage?
A) Albumin 3.5 g/dL
B) ALT 50 unit/L
C) ALP 45 unit/L
D) AST/SGOT 30 unit/dL
B) ALT 50 unit/L
Explanation: A) Albumin is a component of proteins that makes up more than half of plasma proteins. The normal reference range for adults is 3.5-5 g/dL.
B) Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme found primarily in liver cells. An increase in serum ALT levels indicates damage to the liver. The normal reference range for serum ALT for adults is 10-35 unit/L.
C) Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme produced in the liver and bone. Increased levels of ALP indicate biliary obstruction or tissue damage and the normal reference range for adults is 42-136 unit/L.
D) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) is an enzyme found mainly in the heart muscle and liver. The normal reference range for adults is 8-35 unit/dL.
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