What is the function of the Golgi complex?

a. It synthesizes lipids.
b. It synthesizes proteins for export from the cell.
c. It receives proteins made in the rough ER and chemically modifies them.
d. It receives proteins made in the smooth ER and chemically modifies them.


Ans: c. It receives proteins made in the rough ER and chemically modifies them.

Biology & Microbiology

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In almost all organisms that have been studied, the genes in Hox clusters:

A. are arranged on chromosomes in the same order as their products function along the anterior-posterior segments of the embryo. B. are expressed in a sequence that is independent of their linear organization along the chromosome. C. each contain a unique homeodomain, the the products of which are very different among organisms. D. are arranged on the chromosomes in a sequence that is independent of the order in which their products function along the anterior-posterior axis of the embryo. E. None of these choices are correct.

Biology & Microbiology

The gene (IGF1) that encodes a growth hormone has one allele (IGF1-A) that is found in small dogs but not in dogs that are very large. What does this suggest about body size of small dogs?

A. Body size depends on how much growth hormone is produced during early fetal development. B. Body size depends on whether or not the IGF1-A allele is present, if it is the dog grows very large, if it is not present the dog retains a small size. C. It suggests that small dogs are small because the IGF1-A allele is expressed, perhaps inhibiting the growth of the dog and the release of growth hormone. D. It suggests that small dogs have more growth hormone released during fetal development but none released after the birthing process. E. Body size depends on nutrition, not on genetics.

Biology & Microbiology

What is the Allee effect? 

A. when fitness increases independently of population size B. when fitness and growth rates increase with decreasing population size C. when fitness and growth rates increase with increasing population size D. when growth rates increase independently of population size

Biology & Microbiology

To be effective as a force changing genetic diversity, drift requires

A. a long period of time. B. selection. C. small, isolated populations. D. large-scale migrations. E. geographic stability.

Biology & Microbiology