Mr. Page has been treated previously with corticosteroids and mesalamine. His physician had planned to start Humira prior to this admission. Explain the mechanism for each of these medications in the treatment of Crohn's
Identify any drug-nutrient interactions for each.
• Corticosteroids: Anti-inflammatory; reduction of lymphocytes; increased neutrophils; decreased production of prostaglandins.
• Drug-nutrient interactions: hyperglycemia, nitrogen wasting, and increased risk of osteoporosis (increased excretion of calcium). May result in hypokalemia, as well.
• Mesalamine: Also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid/5-ASA. Anti-inflammatory—inhibits cyclooxygenase, which reduces synthesis of prostaglandins.
• Drug-nutrient interactions: none
• Humira: Anti-TNF antibody that inhibits TNF-α, which reduces the inflammatory response.
• Drug-nutrient interactions: none
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The inner surface of the small intestine has mucosal folds, villi, and microvilli because:
a. these allow all nutrients to be absorbed by osmosis. b. they release the hormones that control digestion and absorption. c. these increase the surface area for absorption. d. they allow for recirculation of enzymes and mucus.
One-way valves that regulate the flow of the luminal contents from one organ to the next are called controllers
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
How many calories are there per gram of aspartame?
A) 4 B) 7 C) 9 D) 0
Obesity resulting from an increase in the number of fat cells is termed
a. hyperplastic obesity. b. hypertrophic obesity. c. idiopenthic leptinemia. d. anaplastic hypometabolism. e. multiplicative obesity.