Many people hope that they will one day be able to travel into space for extended periods of time. What are the health risks to the bones and muscles of those people interested in such "space vacations"?
What will be an ideal response?
Under weightless conditions, space travelers will lose bone and muscle mass because there is no pull of gravity to strengthen the bones and muscles. To maintain bone and muscle mass, they will have to do special exercises each day. If they do not, their bones and muscles will atrophy, which could have additional negative side effects on their body physiology.
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In the vertebrate kidney, reabsorption and secretion take place in the renal tubules; after that, the filtrate enters the collecting ducts as ____
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
If a certain stretch of DNA reads ATTACGAG, what would the corresponding amino acid sequence be?
What will be an ideal response?
In the figure above, the amount of energy
symbolized by the line "A" would be the
a. reactant energy. b. product energy. c. cofactor energy. d. activation energy. e. intermediate energy.
In order to add the gene for human insulin to a bacterial plasmid, the DNA molecules have to be "cut" with enzymes called restriction endonucleases and then pasted back together with enzymes called DNA ligases. Imagine that during this process, the first
five nucleotides of the human insulin gene were accidentally cut out before it was pasted into the bacterial plasmid. What is the most likely outcome if this plasmid was added to bacterial cells? A) The human insulin protein would not be produced because transcription would not take place since the RNA polymerase would not recognize the promoter. B) The human insulin protein would be produced as normal. C) The human insulin protein would not be produced because the start codon is missing. D) The human insulin protein would be shorter than normal because it will be missing one amino acid.