Which of the following is a disadvantage associated with experiments?
A. They rely on correlational methods.
B. They cannot be replicated.
C. They use an artificial atmosphere.
D. They cannot show cause and effect.
Answer: C
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Seligman placed dogs in a cage with metal bars on the floor. The dogs were randomly given electric shocks and could do nothing to prevent them or stop them. Later, the same dogs were placed in a cage where they could escape the shocks by jumping over a low hurdle. When the shocks were given, the dogs did not even try to escape. They just sat and cowered. This is an example of __________.
A. learned helplessness B. avoidance learning C. aversive conditioning D. vicarious learning
After Phineas Gage's accident in which a metal rod entered his brain, the doctors kept notes on his behavior, used tests to measure various responses, and interviewed Phineas and those who knew him. His brain injury was studied using a(n)
a. ablation. b. clinical case study. c. ESB. d. functional analysis.
Rescorla and Wagner originated which theory?
A) Behavioural responses can be conditioned in animals. B) Classical conditioning occurs only when an animal has learned to set up an expectation. C) Humans, as well as animals, are capable of undergoing classical conditioning. D) Conditioning works more quickly when the conditioned stimulus is familiar.
Albert lost the keys to his car sometime between the time he locked it and his return to the car about three hours later. Albert retraced his steps, going to all of the places he visited after he initially locked the car. Albert is using __________ to find his keys
a. trial and error c. a heuristic b. an algorithm d. divination