Which of the following statements is a criticism of Robert Martinson’s work:

a. he was looking for evidence that rehabilitation worked
b. he did not use modern statistical techniques
c. he reviewed too many studies to have accurate results
d. about half of the studies he reviewed showed that interventions actually reduced recidivism


d. about half of the studies he reviewed showed that interventions actually reduced recidivism

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A DoS attack is an effort to erase computer systems of all emails, logons, requests or other types of memory

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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The Weather Underground was an activist group that believed that peaceful protest was ineffective and began advocating violence

a. True b. False

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Kendall's tau measures the association between two:

a. interval-level variables. b. ordinal-level variables. c. nominal-level variables. d. ratio-level variables.

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Which of the following is false with regard to research conducted on labeling theory?

a. Drug use is a way to fit into a group and is not a way of asserting one’s individuality. b. Although negative labels can alienate people from society, they can also open up opportunities for subcultural participation. c. Physiological effects of drug use are mediated by individual perception, social expectations, and norms. d. Recent research has suggested that labels are associated with structural disadvantage. e. It has traditionally been qualitative rather than quantitative.

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