What is the developmental progression of prosocial behavior from the age of 18 months through 5 years of age?
What will be an ideal response?
Toddlers at the age of 18 months demonstrate prosocial behavior by helping adults instrumentally. They will help adults reach a simple action-based goal such as getting something for them. Between 18 and 24 months of age, toddlers show an increase in prosocial responses to others' emotional and physical distress and respond with expressions of concern and comfort. When children reach 3.5 years of age, they show more complex forms of instrumental assistance, such as bringing a needed object to an adult without the adult asking for it. The children have the ability to select an object appropriate to the adult's need without direction. Between 3 and 5 years of age, young children show selectivity in prosocial behavior. They share more with children and adults and closer to the age of 5 will share with peers they dislike. Prosocial behavior increases throughout early childhood and reflects a more advanced understanding of others' perspectives and goals.
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In a 2 x 2 experiment, if you portray the results by using a line graph, an interaction is indicated by:
a. parallel lines. b. nonparallel lines. c. superimposed lines. d. none of these
Megan, age 12, has recently noticed a dip in her appetite and attributes it to "being in love." Megan has likely experienced a shift in the hormone ______, which appears to predominantly affect appetite and female hormones
Fill in the blank with correct word
If you were interested in determining the effectiveness of a new medication in treating depression, it would be most important that you use
A. naturalistic observational methods. B. correlational research. C. a double-blind design. D. a stratified sample.
Which of the following is a basic goal of cognitive therapy?
a) to help clients uncover unconscious conflicts and sexual urges b) to help clients develop a closer match between real and ideal selves c) to help clients change irrational thoughts to rational thoughts d) to help clients complete unfinished business and become whole