In the past, the activities of political parties often had a very direct effect on citizen's everyday lives. In the 1930s, for example, strong party machines dominated local politics in many large cities. In some cities, such as Chicago, the party machine was almost omnipresent. Had you been living in such a city, the party machine would have affected your everyday life. Party machines then
bestowed government contracts on loyal supporters. The machines often helped the poor and the unfortunate with gifts of food and clothing (particularly before an election). Today, there are no real party machines. Nonetheless, political parties do affect your everyday life, if more indirectly. Consider that whichever party has the most members in Congress dominates that institution. Congressional leaders and committee chairs come from the dominant political party. Thus, a particular political party's success can often lead to new laws and regulations that affect your daily life. You may have to pay higher or lower taxes, face more or fewer employment opportunities, or experience changes in the social environment around you. Suppose, for example, that you live in a city with a relatively high and rising crime rate. If a political party that wants to spend more government resources on crime reduction wins a majority in Congress, your everyday life could be significantly affected. Similarly, political parties play important roles in state legislatures and governorships. A state legislature controlled by Democrats will create and implement different policies than a legislature controlled by Republicans, and vice versa. These policies could affect the amount of tuition you pay, the amount of state taxes that are withheld from your paycheck, the speed limit on your state's highways, the job opportunities available to you, and so on. The author suggests that party machines
a. helped to raise the standard of living for poor Americans.
b. are still very important in our American political system today.
c. bought votes from the poor by giving them food and clothing.
d. were able to wipe out crime in large cities.
c
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Pendant la réception, ils ont exprimé leur affection pour leurs familles et leurs amis ____________________ (porter) un toast à tous les invités.
Dans cette description d’un mariage, chacune des phrases manque (is missing) un mot ou une expression qui se traduirait en anglais par un mot en «-ing». Pour complétez chaque phrase, mettez le verbe entre parenthèses à la forme convenable. Ajoutez tout et/ou en, quand c’est approprié.
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Beantworten Sie die Fragen mit Infinitivsätzen.
(1) One long-standing subcultural group in the United States is the old-order Amish of Pennsylvania,
Indiana, and Ohio. (2) Originating in Switzerland and coming to the United States as early as 1727, the Amish people today number approximately sixty thousand. (3) They have gone to considerable lengths to maintain the integrity of their traditional culture—no small feat in the United States, a country that emphasizes progress and change. (4) The Amish value their religious beliefs, hard work, agrarian way of life, pacifism, simplicity, and neighborly cooperation. (5) They are a clearly visible subcultural group in that they wear simple clothing, transport themselves by horse and buggy, and rarely send their children to public schools. Which of the following is not a major detail? a. sentence 1 b. sentence 2 c. sentence 3 d. sentence 4
In each group. select the sentence with the correct relative pronoun and punctuation.
A) The tourists who were Swedish, gathered at the fountain. B) The tourists that were Swedish gathered at the fountain. C) The tourists, who were Swedish, gathered at the fountain.