An investigator should reconsider his hypothesis when the results are contrary to what was expected. He can do this by

a. rewriting the hypothesis section in the body of the report.
b. stating in the conclusion that the original theory is wrong.
c. alerting the reader to internal validity problems in the study.
d. offering tentative explanations for the observed results in the discussion section of the study.
e. rewriting the related literature section of the report.


D

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Identify the example of an irrational number

a) 3.5 b) –2 c) ? d) 1/2

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The main difference between manipulation of an independent variable and observation of naturally occurring variations in an independent variable is that

a. naturally occurring variations provide more persuasive evidence of a causal relationship involving the independent variable. b. manipulation provides more persuasive evidence of a causal relationship involving the independent variable. c. manipulation is typically done in artificial laboratory settings, whereas observation of naturally occurring variations can be done in schools. d. manipulation requires the involvement of fewer research participants than observation of naturally occurring variations.

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A student reads an Internet article that disputes a commonly accepted theory. What should he do?

a. Disregard the article’s argument entirely. b. Use intuition to decide whether the article is credible. c. Share the article in class to gauge public opinion. d. Determine whether the article is thoroughly researched and vetted.

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The technical name for the common vision problem of nearsightedness is __________

A. myopia B. strabismus C. hyperopia D. binocular phoria

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