Discuss some of the guidelines for using aversive stimuli. What ethical considerations must be made before aversives should be used?
What will be an ideal response?
Guidelines for using aversive stimuli:
1) documented and demonstrated failure of alternative nonaversive procedures to modify the behavior
2) informed written consent of parents or guardians
3) implemented and supervised by qualified professionals
4) prearranged timetable for review of the procedure and discontinue if not effective
5) periodic observation to ensure consistent and reliable administration
6) documentation of effectiveness and evidence of increased accessibility to instruction
7) administered by only trained staff
8) positive reinforcement of incompatible behavior
Ethical concerns with the use of aversives include over use of aversives to alter behavior when other less intrusive and more positive strategies may be appropriate, and legal concerns with use of aversives.
You might also like to view...
Of all the operant conditioning techniques and principles discussed in the text, which did Skinner (and others) recommend avoiding?
a. extinction b. punishment c. shaping d. negative reinforcement
Last year Kanya immigrated to this country from Thailand. Although she now feels comfortable speaking English in everyday conversations, she still has only a limited knowledge of English vocabulary,
and she struggles with some of the English language's complex grammatical constructions. Near the end of the school year Kanya must take the same standardized set of achievement tests that her classmates take. For Kanya, we might reasonably suspect that the tests will: a. Have low practicality b. Have low reliability c. Be culturally biased d. Have high predictive validity
The importance of phonemic awareness holds regardless of the type of instructional methodology employed (e.g., "whole-language" instruction vs. "traditional" instruction)
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
After an interview there are several strategies you should follow to ensure your own success. List three strategies and give an example of each.
What will be an ideal response?