About one-half of clients who are diagnosed with kidney stones will have a recurrence within 10 years. When providing education to a client recovering from kidney stones, it is important for the nurse to stress the importance of:
1. Avoiding calcium containing foods.
2. Increasing fluid intake.
3. Maintaining a high sodium diet.
4. Increasing proteins from animal sources.
2
Rationale: The primary dietary intervention to prevent kidney stones is the increase of fluid intake since precipitation and aggregation of crystals is less likely in dilute urine. Normal calcium intake is appropriate in the diet and should not be restricted to avoid the development of osteoporosis. Sodium should be limited to 2,300–3,450 mg/day to avoid competition at the renal tubule for calcium reabsorption. Protein from animal sources should be limited in clients prone to calcium oxalate and uric acid stones.
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