Interventions a nurse can use to establish presence with a patient include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a. Giving attention
b. Answering questions
c. Listening
d. Administering medication
e. Speaking with the family
A, B, C
Behaviors that establish your presence include giving attention, answering questions, listening, and having a positive and encouraging (but realistic) attitude. Presence is part of the art of nurs-ing that involves "being with" a patient versus "doing for" a patient, as in administering medica-tion and speaking with the family. Presence is being able to offer closeness with the patient, which helps to prevent emotional and environmental isolation.
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The nurse prepares the client with a terminal illness for a complete bath when the spouse suddenly arrives. The nurse will:
1. Begin bathing the client and ask the spouse to wait by the nurse's desk. 2. Ask the spouse to bathe the client so the nurse can care for another client. 3. Involve the spouse to the degree desired in bathing the client. 4. Instruct the spouse to sit in the chair at the client's bedside until the bath is completed.
A patient who has recently been through a job change and a divorce has been admitted to the CCU after an accidental trauma. He has had massive blood loss and exposure to extreme cold. Considering the stress response, what does the nurse understand?
A) Healing from the trauma will progress more rapidly. B) As stressors are additive, adverse effects are more likely. C) Only the physiologic stress is significant for this patient. D) Alleviation of psychological stress is the lowest priority.
A nurse in the hospice unit allows for the client's wishes to be expressed and implemented, when possible. Which ethical principle when used is designed to avoid using fallacies in ethical decision making?
A) Not allowing the client to share in the health care decision B) Serving the client in a manner that promotes harm C) Devaluing the client's self-determination D) Respecting the client's rights and treatment options
The client reports following the "food pyramid" to guide nutritional intake. How should the nurse evaluate this information?
A) Since this food pyramid is produced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, the client is likely consuming necessary levels of all essential nutrients. B) Following the appropriate food pyramid is helpful, but there are additional factors to consider in a balanced diet. C) The food pyramid is most useful when applied to the nutritional intake of children. D) The food pyramid is not very useful, because it does not take fluid intake and combination foods into consideration.