A 78-year-old man presents with fatigue and difficulty with bladder emptying. Examination reveals a distended bladder but is otherwise unremarkable. The blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is 88mg/dL (31.4 mmol/L); the creatinine is 2.8 mg/dL (247.5 umol/L). This clinical assessment is most consistent with:
A. prerenal azotemia
B. acute glomerulonephritis
C. acute tubular necrosis
D. postrenal azotemia
Answer: D. postrenal azotemia
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client asks if it is possible for a vegetarian to consume too much fat. What should the nurse respond to this client?
a. "No, because they tend to consume only plant-based, healthy fats." b. "No, because they use complementary proteins which are low in fat." c. "Yes, because they may consume non-meat or dairy foods that are high in fat." d. "Yes, because they often use too much oil or fat while cooking or sautéing vegetables."
The nurse is assessing an older patient for genetic influences on the endocrine system. What should the nurse ask this patient during the assessment?
Select all that apply. 1. "Do you have any family members with diabetes mellitus?" 2. "Is there a pattern of obesity in your family?" 3. "Has anyone in your family been diagnosed with Hashimoto disease?" 4. "How do you cope with stress?" 5. "Have you noticed any changes in coloration of your skin?"
In some circumstances, nurses care for patients whose outcome is predictable but, due to family dynamics, for whom advance directives are not available and therefore the patient's lives are ex-tended without realistic outcomes
This presents an ethical dilemma for many nurses. Which of the following actions by the nurse is most appropriate when the patient's outcome is unpredicta-ble and no advance directive is available? a. Advise the family of their irrational perception of the patient's ultimate outcome. b. Advise the family of the need for prayer to help make the decision that is right for the patient. c. Advise the family that you have seen patients awaken from this type of insult and function normally. d. Advise the family that the patient is not going to recover and for the ultimate benefit to the patient, they should reconsider the use end of life measures.
A nursing student asks a nurse to explain the differences between amphotericin B (Abelcet) and the azoles group of antifungal agents. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
a. "Amphotericin B can be given orally or intravenously ." b. "Amphotericin B increases the levels of many other drugs." c. "Azoles have lower toxicity than amphotericin B." d. "Only the azoles are broad-spectrum antifungal agents."