Provide two historical examples that indicate the fetal growth trajectory may be established early in pregnancy.
What will be an ideal response?
During the Dutch winter famine of 1943–1944, average birthweight declined by 372 g (13 oz), delivery of low-birthweight infants increased by 50 percent, and rates of infant deaths increased. Similarly, the siege of Sarajevo, which decreased food availability during 1993–1994, led to reduced caloric and nutrient intakes during pregnancy and reduced maternal weight gain and newborn weights. In both situations, birthweight did not fully catch up in infants born to women exposed to famine early in pregnancy, even if they received enough food later in pregnancy. These results support the notion that the fetal growth trajectory may be established early in pregnancy and that early nutritional deprivations limit fetal growth regardless of food intake later in pregnancy.
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Because kilocalorie needs __________ with age and the RDA for protein __________, older adults need to __________ the proportion of kilocalories from protein.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Instructions for making proteins are coded in your
A. keratin. B. ATP. C. DNA. D. collagen.
The toxin produced in improperly refrigerated meats that can cause diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and fever in 1 to 6 hours is ____________________
Fill in the blank with correct word
One important principle of a healthy diet is to eat a variety of foods. "Variety" means:
a. choose at least one food from each food group on the pyramid daily b. include low calorie food choices to balance high calorie foods at each meal c. choose a variety of foods from within food groups as well as from among the food groups d. make sure portion sizes are matched to energy needs