A directional hypothesis is

A. states that a difference in either direction is acceptable.
B. preferable to a null hypothesis.
C. a precise statement indicating the nature and direction of the relationship or difference between variables.
D. an operationalization of two more variables.
E. preferable to a research question.


Answer: C

Communication & Mass Media

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Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

1. The defendant is the person who must show burden of proof in a libel case. 2. In a libel case, the negative content must have been published in just one place. 3. Actual malice means that negative content was created with reckless regard. 4. Social media blog content is excluded from libel cases. 5. Advertisements are subject to libel lawsuits.

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Consciously working to maintain your audience's attention by using occasional wake-up messages is an effective way to

a. prevent listeners' focusing ontheir personal concerns instead of your message. b. take advantage of outside distractions. c. combat information overload. d. keep your listeners from making snap judgmentsbased on prejudice

Communication & Mass Media

Web advertising has shifted from the traditional banner ad to new forms. Which is not one of these new forms?

a) Skyscraper ads b) Pop-up ads c) Large square and rectangular ads d) Text-oriented ads

Communication & Mass Media

Denial arguments suggest the advocate's argument is weak because it overlooks certain important facts which the opponent provides

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Communication & Mass Media