Explain the role that state law enforcement agencies play in enforcing the law, and describe the two major models of state law enforcement organization
What will be an ideal response?
State-level police agencies were created in the late nineteenth century to combat specific criminal activity, and prevent further criminal activity that crossed the boundaries of cities and counties within a specific state. For instance, the Texas Rangers were created prior to Texas becoming a state (1835) and in reaction to the abundance of Mexican cattle rustlers. The centralized model combines major criminal investigations with patrolling the state’s highways. The decentralized model makes a clear distinction between traffic enforcement on state highways and other law enforcement functions by forming two distinct agencies. States that use the decentralized model have other adjunct state-level agencies with enforcement powers.
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Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Under process theories, employees exchange their skills, experience, and effort for the fulfillment of their needs. 2. According to Paul Echols, motivation in policing is a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. 3. Equity theory has a core of being merit based. 4. Also at its core, equity theory is extremely broad and very complete. 5. Interactional justice deals with intrapersonal dynamics that are involved in the decision-making process.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. One approach to measuring police officer outcomes is by procedural fairness. 2. Measuring outcomes in policing typically requires less effort than with traits or outputs. 3. Direct supervisors are the primary source of evaluative information regarding employees in police agencies. 4. Employees believe that supervisors are most capable of performing their performance evaluations. 5. As the power of the evaluator increases, so too does the assessment given to others.
Asserting that criminal behavior is learned via intimate personal groups is a premise for ______.
a. subculture theory b. routine activity theory c. differential association theory d. social disorganization theory
Selective incorporation is:
a. incapable of precise constitutional definition. b. the concept used to apply certain amendments to state government. c. outlined in the Thirteenth Amendment. d. the means by which the Constitution applies to the states.