Give an account of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

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The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, a federal statute, changed the liability of accountants and other securities professionals in the following ways:
1. The act imposes pleading and procedural requirements that make it more difficult for plaintiffs to bring class action securities lawsuits.
2. The act replaces joint and several liability of defendants (where one party of several at-fault parties could be made to pay all of a judgment) with proportionate liability. This new rule limits a defendant's liability to his or her proportionate degree of fault. Thus, the act relieves accountants from being the "deep pocket" defendant except up to their degree of fault. The only exception to this rule—where joint and several liability is still imposed—is if the defendant acted knowingly.

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