An investigator finds that college students who drink alcohol excessively have academic achievement that is lower than other students who do not engage in this activity. She concludes that excessive drinking of alcohol results in decreased academic achievement. Which alternative hypothesis(s) should she investigate?
a. Hypothesis of the common cause
b. Hypothesis of reverse causality
c. Hypothesis about other independent variables
d. a and c
e. All of these are true.
E
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Art in which symbols are used to represent something important to the child is called ___________
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
What support has research provided for the success of between-class ability grouping?
What will be an ideal response?
Proper discipline:
A. teaches right from wrong. B. avoids automatic compliance with authority. C. extends into the community. D. delivers punishment when needed.
Which of the following is the most commonly voiced criticism of progressivism?
a. It too strongly emphasizes content that isn't relevant to students' present-day world. b. It places too much emphasis on students' interest and self-esteem at the expense of understanding. c. It places too much emphasis on basic skills, such as reading, writing, and math, and doesn't place enough emphasis on other content areas, such as science and social studies. d. It is too teacher-centered, and as a result, it detracts from student motivation.