Which of the following findings would be consistent with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?
a. Corneal clouding
b. Eye slanting
c. Mild ptosis
d. Symmetric, bulging fontanels
C
With FAS, classic findings include poorly formed or flat philtrum, widespread eyes with inner epicanthal folds and mild ptosis, hirsute forehead, short nose, relatively thin upper lip, and small eye openings. Corneal clouding is seen with Hurler syndrome, eye slanting is seen in Down syn-drome, and bulging fontanels are seen in hydrocephalus.
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A patient asks the health care provider how warfarin (Coumadin) achieves its anticoagulant ef-fect. Which statement would be the most appropriate response of the health care provider?
a. Warfarin inactivates clotting factors that are currently circulating in the blood-stream. b. Warfarin dilates the arterial lumen so blood can flow around a site of injury. c. Warfarin prevents clots from forming by making blood vessel walls slippery. d. Warfarin interferes with production of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors in the liver.
The nurse is caring for a child hospitalized with Reye syndrome who is in the acute stage of the illness. The nurse would assess the child most carefully for which of the following?
A) Indications of increased intracranial pressure B) An increase in the blood glucose level C) A decrease in the liver enzymes D) A presence of protein in the urine
Monitoring for a patient being prescribed iron for iron deficiency anemia includes:
1. Reticulocyte count 1 week after therapy is started 2. Complete blood count every 2 weeks throughout therapy 3. Hemoglobin level at 1 week of therapy 4. INR weekly throughout therapy
A 64-year-old patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is hospitalized with pneumonia. Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care?
a. Assist with active range of motion (ROM). b. Observe for agitation and paranoia. c. Give muscle relaxants as needed to reduce spasms. d. Use simple words and phrases to explain procedures.