During the first 5–600 million years on Earth, temperatures ranged from 500–1000°C, atmospheric pressure was 10 times current levels, and the planet was bombarded with meteorites. How would these conditions favor the formation of biological molecules?
A. Many chemical reactions are inhibited by high temperature and pressure.
B. High temperature and pressure are the best conditions for enzyme function, needed to support life.
C. Oxygen will break down many organic molecules by reduction.
D. Oxygen in this high temperature and pressure atmosphere would have been chemically less reactive.
E. Water and meteorite dust would have provided the chemical reactions necessary for formation of biological molecules.
B. High temperature and pressure are the best conditions for enzyme function, needed to support life.
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What will be an ideal response?
Countercurrent exchange in the gills of fish is an adaptation that accomplishes which of the following?
a. It limits the amount of blood going to the gills. b. It decreases the thermal gradient between water and blood. c. It improves the ability of blood to dissolve oxygen. d. It maximizes oxygen transfer from water to the blood. e. It maximizes heat retention in the fish.
Bacteria containing recombinant plasmids are often identified by which process?
A. removing the DNA of all cells in a culture to see which cells have plasmids B. examining the cells with an electron microscope C. exposing the bacteria to an antibiotic that kills the cells lacking the plasmid D. producing antibodies specific for each bacterium containing a recombinant plasmid E. using radioactive tracers to locate the plasmids
Integrins are
a. transmembrane proteins. b. peripheral membrane proteins. c. components of the extracellular matrix. d. components of a desmosome.