Which of the four phases of pharmacokinetics is concerned with carrier-mediated diffusion?
a. Absorption
b. Distribution
c. Biotransformation
d. Elimination
ANS: A
Carrier-mediated diffusion (i.e., facilitated transport) occurs in harmony with concentration gra-dients. A carrier is needed to move the drug across membranes, but a driving force is not re-quired. Carrier-mediated diffusion is used for physiologic substances such as glucose, certain vitamins, amino acids, and organic acids. Any drug resembling these substances can be trans-ported by carriers. Of the four phases of pharmacokinetics listed, the only one that is directly re-lated to carrier-mediated diffusion is absorption.
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