A bottle-fed infant, age 3 months, is brought to the pediatrician's office for a well-child visit. During the previous visit, the nurse taught the mother about infant nutritional needs. Which statement by the mother during the current visit indicates effective teaching?
a. "I started putting cereal in the bottle with formula because the baby kept spitting it out."
b. "I'm giving the baby skim milk because he was getting so chubby."
c. "I started the baby on cereals and fruits because he wasn't sleeping through the night."
d. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated."
Answer: d. "I'm giving the baby iron-fortified formula and a fluoride supplement because our water isn't fluoridated."
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Discuss the relationship of dietary fats to atherosclerosis. What dietary changes bring about the greatest reductions in blood lipids?
What will be an ideal response? As mentioned earlier, elevated LDL cholesterol is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). As LDL cholesterol accumulates in the arteries, blood flow becomes restricted and blood pressure rises. The consequences are deadly; in fact, heart disease is the nation's number-one killer of adults. LDL cholesterol is often used to predict the likelihood of a person's suffering a heart attack or stroke; the higher the LDL, the earlier and more likely the tragedy. Much of the effort to prevent and treat heart disease focuses on lowering LDL cholesterol. Saturated fats are most often implicated in raising LDL cholesterol. In general, the more saturated fat in the diet, the more LDL cholesterol in the blood. Not all saturated fats have the same cholesterol-raising effect, however. Most notable among the saturated fatty acids that raise blood cholesterol are lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids (12, 14, and 16 carbons, respectively). In contrast, stearic acid (18 carbons) seems to have little or no effect on blood cholesterol. Making such distinctions may be impractical in diet planning, however, because these saturated fatty acids typically appear together in the same foods. In addition to raising blood cholesterol, saturated fatty acids contribute to heart disease by promoting blood clotting. Fats from animal sources (meats, milk, and milk products) are the main sources of saturated fats in most people's diets. Selecting lean cuts of meat, skinless poultry, and fat-free milk products helps to lower saturated fat intake and the risk of heart disease.
The first step in alcohol metabolism is triggered by
A. glucokinase. B. alcohol dehydrogenase. C. aldehyde dehydrogenase. D. alcohol oxidase.
GERD occurs when the unprotected lining of the _____ is repeatedly exposed to gastric juice
a. mouth b. stomach c. heart d. esophagus
A nutritionist is providing teaching to a client about making changes in her diet. The client is resistant to change and says, "I don't think I could follow that kind of diet.". Which response from the nutritionist would be most appropriate to confront this client? a. "I think you would like help, but you don't want to do the work to change.". b. "I could help you if you would let me, but you
don't seem to want my help.". c. "You say you want to change, but you are not willing to try.". d. "This is not unreasonable; if you tried harder, it wouldn't be so bad.". e. "You are saying you would like help and I would like to help you if I can.".