In the context of representing information in memory, explain network theories.
What will be an ideal response?
Network theories describe how information is organized and connected in memory. They emphasize the nodes in the memory network. The nodes stand for labels or concepts. Consider the concept "bird." One of the earliest network theories described memory representation as hierarchically arranged, with more-concrete concepts ("canary," for example) nestled under more abstract concepts (such as "bird"). However, it soon became clear that such hierarchical networks are too neat to accurately portray how memory representation really works. For example, students take longer to answer the question "Is an ostrich a bird?" than to answer the question "Is a canary a bird?" Thus, today memory researchers envision the memory network as more irregular and distorted (Ashcraft & Radvansky, 2016). A typical bird, such as a canary, is closer to the node, or center, of the category "bird" than is the atypical ostrich.
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