Which of the following statements best reflects the nurse's comprehensive understanding of medical–psychobiologic theories?
1. Psychobiologic explanations of mental disorders do little to decrease the stigma associated with mental illness.
2. Individuals suffering from emotional disturbances have complex personalities that require changes in their motivation and willingness to comply with treatment.
3. Mental disorders rarely respond to physical or somatic treatments.
4. Mental disorders have characteristic structural, biochemical, and mental symptoms that can be diagnosed, run a characteristic course, and have a particular prognosis for recovery.
4
Rationale: Psychobiologic theory views mental illnesses as having characteristic structural, biochemical, and mental symptoms that can be diagnosed, classified and labeled, running a characteristic course, and having a particular prognosis for recovery. They respond to physical or somatic treatments, including drugs, chemicals, hormones, diet, or surgery. Psychobiologic explanations are beginning to offset the myths that mental disorders result from a lack of willpower or from flawed moral character and have reduced the stigma associated with them.
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The nurse assesses a male resident of a nursing home for urinary incontinence and deter-mines that he is unaware of the problem. Which recommendation should the nurse im-plement?
a. Limit oral fluid intake. b. Provide regular toileting. c. Apply absorbent undergarment. d. Encourage frequent rest periods.
Which of the following statements is true about the medical management of diabetic ketoacidosis?
a. Serum lactate levels are used to guide insulin administration. b. Sodium bicarbonate is a first-line medication for treatment. c. The degree of acidosis is assessed through continuous pulse oximetry. d. Volume replacement and insulin infusion often correct the acidosis.
A patient has just acknowledged that she is 20 weeks pregnant and confides to the nurse that she has a daily heroin habit. The nurse discusses treatment options for the patient. Which patient statement requires follow-up?
a. "My plan is to visit the outpatient clinic daily for treatment." b. "I will see my health care provider at least every 2 weeks." c. "My baby will not have to go through withdrawal when I take methadone." d. "With oral methadone, my baby and I are at decreased risk of infection."
A nurse is assessing a client with the diagnosis of SIADH. The nurse would anticipate the client's physical findings to be consistent with:
1. severe overhydration. 2. acute renal failure. 3. severe dehydration. 4. a shock state.