Which statement about language development during middle childhood is true?
A) Vocabulary growth is much slower in middle childhood than in early childhood.
B) Children’s reflective, analytical approach to language permits them to appreciate the multiple meanings of words.
C) English-speaking children use the passive voice more often than the active voice.
D) Children’s increasing use of the passive voice leads to a change in their humor.
Answer: B
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According to Vygotsky, people in Western cultures rely heavily on __________ to teach children practical skills, whereas people in traditional societies use __________ to teach practical skills.
A. intelligent guides; demonstrations B. verbal instructions; observation and demonstration C. observation and demonstration; intelligent guides D. verbal instructions; schemes
According to Marcia, identity status involves the dimensions of exploration and
a. autonomy. b. initiative. c. generativity. d. commitment.
When uncontrollable life events are especially traumatic, it tends to be healthier to
a. make global attributions than specific attributions. b. raise perceptions of control to an extremely high level. c. engage in problem-focused coping than in emotion-focused coping. d. open up to trusted others than to keep things to oneself.
A woman complains to her therapist that lately she hasn't "felt like herself." The therapist plans to use a behavior therapy treatment by altering the rewards and punishments in the woman's environment. What is likely to be the first step the therapist takes in setting up this treatment?
A. Define the woman's problem in terms of observable behaviors. B. Interview people the woman knows to determine the extent of the problem. C. Obtain baseline data for how often and when the problem occurs. D. Determine what in the woman's past has been responsible for causing this problem.