The conducting zone starts with the larynx. What specific function of the respiratory system is this organ specialized for?
A. respiration
B. humidification of air entering the lungs
C. vocalization
D. defense against pathogens and foreign particles in the airway
Ans: C. vocalization
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Jill suffers from anorexia nervosa. One afternoon she is rushed to the emergency room because of cardiac arrhythmias. Her breath has the smell of an aromatic hydrocarbon (sweet, fruity odor), and blood and urine samples indicated ketonemia and ketonuria. Why do you think she is having the arrhythmias?
What will be an ideal response?
The energy content of foods is commonly given in units of
A) ATP units. B) carbohydrate. C) grams (also, g, or gms). D) kilocalories (also, kcal or Cal). E) degrees Celsius.
All of the following are examples of catabolic reactions EXCEPT
A. trypsin in the stomach digesting large proteins into smaller ones. B. synthesizing the enzyme maltase from amino acids. C. amylase in saliva breaking down starch into simple sugars. D. the release of energy by converting ATP into ADP during a metabolic reaction.
Why would decreased saliva lead to tooth decay?
a) Saliva lubricates and mixes ingested food, allowing it to be swallowed quickly and preventing tooth decay. b) Saliva contains bicarbonate ions, which increases the acidity in the oral cavity, preventing tooth decay. c) Saliva helps to moisten and cleanse the oral cavity and contains lysozymes and IgA to kill pathogenic bacteria, preventing tooth decay. d) Saliva contains salivary amylase which initiates the digestion of proteins in the food and bacteria in the oral cavity, preventing tooth decay.