Describe the acute nutritional interventions used for disorders of fat metabolism.
What will be an ideal response?
The metabolic crises associated with disorders of fatty acid metabolism are usually precipitated by febrile illness, fasting, and/or excess energy expenditure. Acute treatment is aimed at stopping catabolism and the subsequent release of free fatty acids. Use of antipyretic and antiemetic medications to reduce fever and vomiting is helpful. Intravenous dextrose is used to provide a constant source of glucose. The high-glucose feedings used in order to prevent or recover from hypoglycemia may necessitate the use of insulin to achieve euglycemia. The dextrose should not be discontinued until the patient is able to maintain his or her blood sugar and to tolerate enteral feedings. The use of medium-chain triglycerides in treatment of disorders besides MCADD is an effective way to provide additional calories without increasing the load on the enzymatic block. Fluids should be provided at a rate of 1.5–2 times maintenance requirements in order to flush out the metabolites. Carnitine can be given either intravenously or by mouth to help conjugate the excess fatty acids.
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Define "metabolic bone disease." What are factors that may increase the risk for metabolic bone disease in CP, and which factors apply to the current patient?
What will be an ideal response?
The Mifflin-St. Jeor energy estimation formula calculates energy expenditures using _____. a. gender, age, weight, and height b. gender, age, activity level, and disease status c. gender, age, body frame size, and activity level d. gender, weight, age, and food intake
e. weight, height, age, and activity level
The first step of glycolysis is
A. deamination of glucose. B. dephosphorylation of glucose. C. phosphorylation of glucose. D. condensation of glucose to lactate.
Which of the following is not true regarding job rotation? a. Increased job security benefits the employee
b. Job rotation benefits the organization because there is greater flexibility in scheduling workers. c. Increased pressure from cross training may decrease job satisfaction. d. Job rotation reduces the potential for repetitive stress injuries.