Every time somebody flushes a toilet in the house, the shower becomes very cold and causes the person to jump back. Over time, the person begins to jump back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. This is an example of ______.
a. operant conditioning
b. classical conditioning
c. positive reinforcement
d. response cost
Ans: B
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Martha is a college instructor and has become overwhelmed with the increased workload of larger classes, advisement responsibilities, and committee work. In order to reduce her stress level, she should
a. take a water aerobics course at the college. b. use guided imagery. c. deliberately do things at a slower pace. d. do all of these.
The proportion of the variability in y that is accounted for by x is found by squaring the ___
a. Correlation coefficient b. Regression slope c. Chi-square result d. t-test value
For the average American retiring today, the largest single source of retirement income is from _______
a. pension benefits through a job b. private savings c. Social Security d. Supplemental Security Income
Negative reinforcement and punishment are similar in that they both
A. involve aversive stimuli. B. weaken a response. C. strengthen a response. D. have unpredictable effects on behavior.