A client asks, "Why does the infection in my finger make it so red?" What is the nurse's best response?
1. "When you have an infection, your body sends more blood to the area."
2. "Your blood vessels in that area are leaky."
3. "You don't get rid of fluid as quickly when you are sick, so you develop a fluid overload."
4. "Your fingers are small and a long way from your heart, so the lymph drainage is not as good."
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: Erythema is caused by increased blood flow to the area.
Rationale 2: Increased capillary permeability does not cause erythema.
Rationale 3: Fluid overload does not cause erythema.
Rationale 4: Blocked lymphatic drainage does not cause erythema.
Global Rationale: The central purposes of inflammation are to contain the injury, destroy the pathogen, and initiate repair of the area. The repair of the injured area can proceed at a faster pace by neutralizing the foreign agent and removing cellular debris and dead cells. Signs of inflammation include swelling, pain, warmth, and redness of the affected area. Histamine dilates nearby blood vessels resulting in increased blood flow to the area, sometime congesting the area with blood. This often results in redness of the area. Leaky blood vessels are associated with swelling. The patient is not fluid overloaded nor is the distance from the heart a major factor in this response.
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