A client is diagnosed with angina after describing the type of pain she experiences. Which of the following are characteristics of anginal pain? (Select all that apply.)
1. Pressure
2. Heavy
3. Squeezing
4. Stabbing
5. Sharp
6. Demonstrates a clenched fist over the sternum
1, 2, 3, 6
Angina pain is typically described as pressure, heavy, squeezing, and it is demonstrated by placing a clenched fist over the sternum. This hand posture is referred to as Levine's sign which is the universal sign for angina. Angina pain is not stabbing or sharp.
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The family of a 68-year-old man who is in the end stages of small cell lung cancer are distraught at his visible body wasting that has worsened in recent weeks. Which of the following phenomena best accounts for the client's anorexia and cachexia?
A) Inadequate cellular metabolism of glucose results from tumor factors. B) High fat losses coupled with preservation of muscle mass exaggerate the appearance of wasting. C) Products of the tumor itself as well as a hypermetabolic state cause cachexia. D) Inadequate food intake due to symptoms and treatment results in loss of both muscle and fat.
A client admitted to a health care facility uses a walker for support. What is the nurse's responsibility with regard to the walker when admitting the client to the nursing unit?
A) Provide the client with another walker during his stay at the facility. B) Mark the client's walker with a large, easily readable label. C) Keep the walker in a locker until the client is discharged. D) Ask relatives to bring the walker only at the time of discharge.
A patient who is newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease is prescribed levodopa [Dopar]. The patient asks the nurse about drugs to prevent disease progression. What will the nurse tell this patient?
a. "Levodopa may prevent disease progres-sion in higher doses and is safe to use for this purpose." b. "MAO-B inhibitors and dopamine agon-ists have both shown neuroprotective ef-fects in human studies." c. "Vitamin E has been shown to delay neu-ron degeneration and may be used as ad-junctive therapy." d. "While some drugs show promise, there are no studies that have proven a neuro-protective effect."
A 50-year-old client asks the nurse about her risk of developing a cancer of the reproductive system. The nurse is correct in stating that:
a. "Human papilloma virus infection and cigarette smoking are major risk factors for cervical cancer." b. "Some of the risk factors for endometrial cancer include being age 40 or older and having a history of infertility." c. "Ovarian cancer is not often seen in women under age 50 or those who have a family history of breast cancer." d. "Women who have had menstrual irregularities for many years are at lower risk of developing any of the reproductive system cancers."