Which of the following laboratory values and observations noted on testing a client's CSF is indicative of viral meningitis?
A. Clear, increased protein level; normal glucose level
B. Clear, decreased protein level; increased glucose level
C. Cloudy, increased protein level; decreased glucose level
D. Cloudy, decreased protein level; increased glucose level
A
Viral meningitis does not cause cloudiness or increased turbidity of the CSF. There are slightly increased protein and normal glucose levels. In bacterial meningitis, the presence of bacteria and white blood cells cause the fluid to be cloudy.
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A 45-year-old female patient is prescribed ciprofloxacin to treat a bronchial infection. A nursing assessment revealed that she started taking daily vitamin supplements about 2 years ago
To maximize the therapeutic effects of the ciprofloxacin therapy, the nurse should advise the patient to A) take the vitamins at least 2 hours before or after taking ciprofloxacin. B) alternate the dosage of ciprofloxacin and vitamin supplements. C) reduce the dosage of vitamin supplements. D) reduce the dosage of vitamin supplements and double the dosage of ciprofloxacin.
The emergency department nurse realizes that the husband of a patient appears increasingly irritable as he waits alone in the waiting room. Which intervention would best prevent further escalation?
a. Periodically update the husband about his wife and what is being done for her. b. Explain that waiting is necessary because patients are treated in order of need. c. Reassure him that everything possible is being done and suggest ways to relax. d. Suggest that he return home and await an update from the physician in 3 hours.
The nurse is preparing to conduct a physical examination of a client's head and neck area. The client is in a wheelchair due to a C3-C4 spine injury. Which action by the nurse is appropriate when conducting the physical assessment of this area?
A) Supporting the client during the examination B) Placing the client in an armless regular chair C) Placing the client in a Sims position D) Placing the client in a supine during the examination
Place the pathophysiological changes of cystic fibrosis in the order in which they occur: (Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A, B, C, D.)
a. Obstruction of bronchioles b. Hypertrophy of the right ventricle c. Atelectasis d. Bronchioles become clogged with mucus e. Obstructive emphysema