In humans, which genetic mechanism led to the formation of the X and Y chromosomes?

A. Translocation
B. Nondisjunction
C. Inversion
D. Reduced crossing over
E. Insertion


Answer: D

Biology & Microbiology

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Most peptic ulcers are caused by

a. antibiotics. b. bacteria. c. heartburn. d. lactose intolerance. e. malnutrition.

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What type of medium provides the best opportunity for growing and observing the morphology of isolated colonies?

What will be an ideal response?

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In harvesting the chemical energy of the molecules in food:

a) organisms can utilize sugars, lipids, and proteins. b) all macromolecules must first be converted into their hydrocarbon chains. c) all macromolecules must first be converted into proteins or free-form amino acids. d) all macromolecules must first be converted into glucose or another simple sugar. e) all macromolecules must first be converted into glucose.

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What percent of the ATP in a typical animal cell is consumed by the Na+-K+ pump?

a. 1% b. 10% c. 25% d. 66%

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