What is counterattitudinal advocacy? How is it related to notions of internal and external justification?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Counterattitudinal advocacy involves publicly stating an attitude or opinion that is at odds with our private attitudes or opinions. When we advocate something we don't really believe, dissonance is aroused, and we are motivated to reduce it. When there is sufficient external justification (e.g., we had no choice) for our counterattitudinal advocacy, we have a good explanation for our behavior, and we need not change our private attitudes. When there is not sufficient external justification, we must find internal justification, and that typically takes the form of changing our private attitudes.
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Claire must try to convince the other executives in her company to invest in a major real estate venture. She knows that her colleagues are not initially in favor of the idea. According to what psychologists know about the optimal content for persuasive messages, Claire should:
A. present both sides of the argument B. present one side of the argument C. present the facts and let the members of the group make up their own minds D. start by suggesting that they not make the investment, in the hope that she will get some opposition to that idea
Mumford (1956) saw city walls as a metaphor for the ____
a. growth of cities c. need for soldiers b. exclusion of the “other” d. development of nations
The basic procedure for the tension-release method of relaxation is:
a. to tell yourself to relax when facing a tension-producing situation. b. to practice the method in a variety of stressful situations. c. to contract muscles, relax muscles, and feel the relaxation. d. variable, depending upon the person.
The _____ is the part of the brain where cognitive and voluntary motor functions are controlled
a) hindbrain b) midbrain c) limbic system d) forebrain