An apartment house is on fire, and police and fire responders are unable to save two young children inside. As the fire is being brought under control, a wall suddenly collapses, killing one firefighter and injuring two others
The events unfold in full view of residents, fellow emergency responders, and the general public. You are asked to provide crisis debriefing for those affected. Which actions would be appropriate to take? Select all that apply. a. Arrange for counselors to meet individually with those who wish to seek help.
b. Arrange group meetings for responders and witnesses, and encourage participation.
c. Describe the purpose and ground rules of the sessions, and answer any questions.
d. Encourage discussion of why the crisis occurred to help prevent more such events.
e. Ask victims to discuss the worst aspect of the crisis, what they most want to forget.
f. Normalize victim responses, and provide guidance regarding possible future responses.
B, C, E, F
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) is designed to reduce the short- and long-term negative outcomes of exposure to traumatic events, including reduction of the risk of developing disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder. It is a group intervention that focuses on segments of those involved: emergency responders, casual witnesses, residents who knew the victims. CISD involves seven phases, including an introductory discussion of the purpose and ground rules of CISD sessions, opportunity to vent and discuss thoughts and feelings about what was witnessed, normalizing responses to trauma, and helping victims identify and respond to future responses such as nightmares or reexperiencing the event (including identifying responses that indicate a need for professional mental health treatment).
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