Compare and contrast the following pairs of related terms: gene and allele, genotype and phenotype, homozygous and
heterozygous. What will be an ideal response?
Phenotype refers to the physical appearance whereas genotype refers to genetic makeup.
Genes are units of heredity that affect an organism’s traits. Alleles are alternate forms of
genes.
Homozygous means that the organism has identical alleles for a trait. Heterozygous describes
an organism with two different alleles for one trait.
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Why did scientists originally believe that proteins, rather than DNA, were the molecules that directed protein synthesis?
A. Proteins were the more complex molecules in which genetic information could be stored. B. Proteins were more likely to have catalytic properties for synthesis reactions. C. At the time, more was known about the structure of proteins than that of DNA. D. Proteins were the same types of molecules as those that were being synthesized.
Briefly describe classical complement activation and cell damage
What will be an ideal response?
Although the structures of the functional groups that are most important to life vary, they share one thing in common: They _____.
A. all contain oxygen B. all have at least one double bond C. always cause the carbon to which they are attached to become an asymmetric carbon, thus they convert the molecule into an enantiomer D. all are hydrophilic and increase the organic compound's water solubility E. force straight chains of carbons into closed rings of carbon
Differential survival and reproduction of individuals of a population that vary in the details of shared traits is called ____________________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).