In the famous experiment with the infant Albert, John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner demonstrated that _____ can produce a mental disorder.
a. transmagnetic stimulation
b. regression
c. classical conditioning
d. catastrophizing
Answer: c. classical conditioning
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The best solution to the problem of experimenter expectancy effects is
a. the use of different experimenters in different conditions. b. letting participants choose their own condition. c. keeping experimenters uninformed about group assignment. d. strict attention to random assignment.
Which of the following has NOT been voiced as a criticism of trait theories?
a. They merely label rather than explain personality. b. They assume behavior is relatively stable. c. They cannot be measured by psychological inventories. d. They ignore situational influences and fail to capture the uniqueness of individuals. e. They use circular reasoning.
Which of the following is not true of parent-child interactions that may be linked to gender differences in emotion?
a. Mothers and fathers spend more time trying to get their infant sons to smile than their infant daughters. b. Mothers are more facially expressive when they play with their two-year-old daughters than with their two-year-old sons. c. Parents tend to expose their daughters to a wider range of emotions than their sons. d. Parents tend to encourage girls to maintain close emotional relationships whereas they encourage their sons to control their emotions.
According to the article Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Ad? about fear appeals in advertising, if a piece of
research reports a statistical test in which the outcome is p < .065 this finding is considered (a) statistically significant (b) close enough so that it is rounded up to p < .05 in the study (c) wrong, no statistic can find a level higher than p < .01 (d) not significant