Clostridium botulinum endospores that have not germinated are generally not harmful.

A) True
B) False


A) True

Biology & Microbiology

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Which feature(s) differentiate(s) Actinobacteria from Firmicutes?

A) absence/presence of a cell wall B) endospore production capability C) motility and chemotaxis abilities D) relative G+C content in their genomes

Biology & Microbiology

Where do global air circulation patterns begin?

a. At 60o N b. At 30o S c. At the equator d. At 30o N e. At the poles

Biology & Microbiology

Breeds of dogs, such as German Shepherds and Saint Bernards, occur as a result of:

a. polyploidy. b. artificial selection. c. hormones. d. mutation. e. natural selection.

Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following would increase the electrochemical gradient across a membrane?

A) a sucrose-proton cotransporter B) a proton pump C) a potassium channel D) both a proton pump and a potassium channel

Biology & Microbiology