What roles do plasmids play in biotechnology?
A) Plasmids are used to break open the cell wall of bacterial cells.
B) Plasmids are used to provide nutrients to bacterial cells.
C) Plasmids are used to infect and destroy bacterial cells.
D) Plasmids are used as a vector to transfer genes between organisms.
Answer: D
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A microbiologist makes a fixed smear of bacterial cells and stains it with methylene blue. All cells appear blue under the oil immersion lens. This is an example of ________.
A. capsule staining B. the acid-fast stain C. simple staining D. using an acidic dye E. negative staining
Control of a physiological state by a negative feedback loop differs from control by a positive feedback loop in that only in the case of negative feedback
a. does the physiological state tend to remain close to constant. b. does an effector respond to change by increasing output. c. is the effector controlled by some form of sensory input. d. is the response likely to be helpful to an organism's fitness. e. c and d.
The correct sequence of taxonomic groupings, from the most to the least comprehensive, is __________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Your research project involves the characterization of a particular signal transduction pathway. Specifically, you have been studying a receptor tyrosine kinase and protein X, which initiates downstream events. You are certain that protein X is part of the signal transduction pathway, but have been unable to identify a direct protein-protein interaction between the receptor tyrosine kinase and the protein X. What should you do next in your attempt to identify a link between the receptor tyrosine kinase and protein X?
A. Try to identify proteins that act downstream of protein X. B. Try to identify a coactivator protein. C. Try to identify an adapter protein that can interact with both the receptor and protein X. D. Confirm the interaction between the receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligand.