Treaty of Verdun
What will be an ideal response?
Division of the Frankish empire in 843 among Emperor Louis's heirs into the three portions that laid the basis for the future political divisions of Europe
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The social and political influence of which group had declined by the late eighteenth century?
A) bourgeoisie B) philosophes C) aristocrats D) monarchs
Thomas Paine wrote in vigorous support of the French Revolution
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
How was the steam engine advanced in the late nineteenth century?
A) Internal combustion engines were eventually produced that ran off of petroleum, changing transportation forever. B) Both turbine engines were created that turned steam power into electricity, and internal combustion engines were eventually produced that ran off of petroleum, changing transportation forever. C) Steam engines were created with larger bores to wield greater power. D) Paddle wheels became unnecessary. E) Turbine engines were created that turned steam power into electricity.
In the evolution of the idea of papal primacy, all of the following occurred EXCEPT ________
A. Pope Leo I took the title pontifex maximus B. Pope Damasus I claimed that he was a direct successor to Peter C. Pope Stephen II excommunicated the patriarch in Constantinople D. Pope Gelasius I claimed that the authority of the clergy over souls was greater than that of kings in the material world E. Pope Leo I established the supremacy of the bishop of Rome over all other bishops