The best predictor that infants will develop high levels of intellectual aptitude is their
A) readiness to crawl at an early age
B) capacity for imitating adult facial expressions.
C) tendency to quickly shift their gaze from a familiar to a novel picture.
D) ability to discriminate their mother's voice from that of a female stranger.
Answer: C) tendency to quickly shift their gaze from a familiar to a novel picture.
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What happens during vicarious reinforcement?
a. You receive reinforcement on a mixture of ratio and interval schedules. b. You describe what reinforcement you would like c. You receive punishment first, and then positive reinforcement. d. You watch someone else receive reinforcement.
"Moral treatment" was largely abandoned because of the development of
a) psychoanalysis. b) improved medications. c) large impersonal hospitals. d) scandals at retreat centers.
Which one of the following is not listed in the chapter as a risk factor for healthy development?
a. advancing technology b. substandard child care c. increasing number of children living in poverty d. a high infant mortality rate
What might account for the fact that the children in the prosocial Lassie condition
showed the greatest frequency of helping/prosocial behaviors? A) children may have modeled the prosocial behaviors exhibited by the protagonist of the prosocial Lassie program B) children may have enjoyed the program and therefore helped the researcher in order to thank them for letting them view the program C) children will help an experimenter whether or not they watch television D) the children were told they would be punished if they did not help the puppies