What is the main consequence of forming jovian planets starting with extra mass from hydrogen compounds?
a. They captured more gas from interstellar space.
b. They captured gas from the solar wind.
c. They captured more mass from heavy bombardment.
d. Their gravity became strong enough to attract hydrogen and helium gas from the solar nebula.
Answer: d. Their gravity became strong enough to attract hydrogen and helium gas from the solar nebula.
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Percival Lowell’s claims of a Martian civilization generated great public interest, but other scientists of his time were highly skeptical of these claims. Which two of the following statements (which are all true) explain why other scientists of the late 19th and early 20th centuries rejected Lowell’s claims?
a. Lowell’s canals did not appear in photographs of Mars taken through telescopes. b. Lowell’s canals followed perfectly straight lines for thousands of kilometers. c. Mars has an axis tilt very similar to Earth’s axis tilt. d. Like Earth, Mars has polar ice caps. e. Mars rotates with a period only a little longer than Earth’s rotation period.
If the composition of the atmosphere changed so that less terrestrial radiation was allowed to escape, the Earth would experience
A) higher average temperatures. B) lower average temperatures. C) greater atmospheric pressure and higher temperatures. D) no change in pressure or temperature.
It can be shown that the change in entropy in heating or cooling a sample is given by the relation src="https://sciemce.com/media/4/c597f3a04fb2c30572.png" class="w-image" />C?
A. +2.93 J/K
B. +2.50 J/K
C. 0.00 J/K
D. -2.93 J/K
= mc ln 
where m is the mass of the sample, c is the specific heat of the sample, and 
and 
are the final and initial temperatures respectively. What is the change in entropy when 20 grams of aluminum with a specific heat of 0.900 J/gm K is cooled from 60.0
to 10.0
Which statement about accretion disks is not true?
A) The gas in the inner parts of the disk travels faster than the gas in the outer parts of the disk. B) The gas in the inner parts of the disk is hotter than the gas in the outer parts of the disk. C) The primary factor determining whether a white dwarf has an accretion disk is the white dwarf's mass. D) Accretion disks are made primarily of hydrogen and helium gas.