Explain how the composition of breast milk compared with formula affects the microbiota of infants.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Breast milk contains ovligosacharides and provides the infant with lysozyme that kills gram positive pathogens. Pathogens are less likely to be established.
FOrmula fed tend to have higher concentrations of bacteria that are bad like clostirudium difficle.
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The very first DNA sequencing technology called the Sanger method relies on
A) nanopore technology that separates DNA molecules based on charge differences. B) the incorporation of dideoxynucleotides that terminate chain extension during DNA synthesis. C) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. D) the release of protons whenever a new nucleotide is added to a growing strand of DNA.
Enzymes change the ___________ of a reaction
A. G B. first law of thermodynamics C. second law of thermodynamics D. types of products E. activation energy
To crack the genetic code, researchers introduced synthetic messenger RNAs into in vitro translation systems and determined which proteins were produced from these synthetic mRNAs. mRNAs consisting of poly-UUC led to production of three different proteins: poly-Phe, poly-Ser, and poly-Leu. What best explains this result?
A. Each codon codes for several different amino acids. B. Each amino acid is specified by several codons. C. Transcription started at three different places. D. The synthetic mRNA was read in all three reading frames.
When you eat a hamburger, you are eating at which trophic level?
A. level 1 B. level 2 C. level 3 D. level 4