The assumed similarity effect refers to the tendency of ingroup members to perceive
a. outgroup members as similar to each other
b. outgroup members as similar to ingroup members
c. ingroup members as more similar to themselves than to outgroup members
d. ingroup members as more similar to each other than to themselves
Answer: C
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How could you measure the reliability of a new test intended to measure nervousness?
a. Determine whether scores on the test form a normal distribution. b. Determine whether scores on the test correlate with hand shaking and voice tremor. c. Test people in two or more countries and see whether the results are similar. d. Test people repeatedly and see whether they get about the same score each time.
Self-esteem is all of the following except
a. an emotionally charged component of the self-concept. b. responsive to success and failure. c. a state of mind that can change depending on the situation. d. a single, stable disposition.
A classic article by sociologist Ralph Turner noted that different cultures, at different times, have defined the true self by placing emphasis on either of two main approaches. These approaches are ____
a. the self as inner feelings and the self in social roles b. public self-awareness and private self-awareness c. the looking-glass self and the generalized other d. the implicit self and the explicit self
A teacher places a check mark on the chalkboard next to Henry's name whenever Henry speaks out in class without raising his hand. If he receives three check marks in one day, Henry gets no recess the following day. The teacher is using
A. classical conditioning. B. operant conditioning. C. extinction. D. shaping.